Scottish geographical magazine (1885) (14597714657)

Identifier: scottishgeograph18scotuoft (find matches)
Title: Scottish geographical magazine
Year: 1885 (1880s)
Authors: Scottish Geographical Society Royal Scottish Geographical Society
Subjects: Geography
Publisher: Edinburgh, Royal Scottish Geographical Society
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto



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ruptions and theold basement lavas^ which underlie all the islands of the Lesser Antilles.It may be hoped that some of the numerous scientific men who havebeen despatched to the spot will thoroughly investigate this interestingpoint. These volcanoes, as we have already seen, are entirely inde-pendent of any of the other volcanic groups in America, so that a com-parison between their products is not of great value. One point broughtout by such a comparison, however, is the predominance amongst recentAmerican lavas of rocks of intermediate type as a whole, and amongthese, of hypersthene andesite in particular. The accompanying illustration shows the town of St. Pierre, Mar-tinique, before the late eruption. The background shows the slopes ofMount Pel6e. We are indebted for the loan of the block to the RoyalMail Steam Packet Company, London. 1 Of these lavas little is known. Porphyrites and greenstones are said to be common, andZirkel mentions the occurrence of tracliytes in Martinif;ue.
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378 SCOTTISH GEOGRAPHICAL MAGAZINE. GEOGEAPHICAL NOTES. EUEOPE. Land OwnersMp in France.—M. Flour de Saint-Ginis in La Prox>riete rurale en-France (Paris, 1902) gives some interesting figures in regard to the division ofthe soil in France. He divides the proprietors into three sets : (a) those owning0-6 hectares ; (6) those owning 6-50 hectares ; (c) those owning 50-200 hectares. The49,388,304 hectares of agricultural land in France are divided among these threeclasses in the following proportions : (a) 12,754,803 ; (6) 19,217,902 ; (c) 17,415,599.The large estates—those of class (c)—are localised in two regions, in the centralpart of the basin of the Loire, Loir-et-Cher, Nievre, Allier, Indre, and in theextreme south-east, Bouches-du-Rhone et Basses-Alpes, Var, Hautes-Alpes, Alpes-Maritimes. In all the north and west save in Loire-Inferieure, Orne, and Manchethe land is mostly rented, as it is also in Cote dOr ; in Allier and the Landes itis mostly held on the leasehold syst