Plano en Grande que Representa el frente de la Ciudad y Muelle de Argel con la parte de la Playa, hasta el Río, parte de la Costa de Poniente y Castillos situados en ella, con el Proyecto de un Bombeo y Operaciones que deverá practicar el Comandte. de la Escuadra Y quien diere S.M. este cometido suponiendo que pueda en algun tiempo ser esta su Rl. determinacn. con demostracion del parage donde convendrá fondeenlas Bombardas que huvieren de Emplearse en esta Expedicion sin necessidad de qe. se muevan de el hasta finalizarla
Summary
Escala gráfica de 1250 toesas [= 15,25 cm]. Orientado con lis en rosa de ocho vientos prolongados
In the 17th century, maps took a huge leap forward. Mathematical and astronomical knowledge necessary to make accurate measurements had evolved. English mathematicians had perfected triangulation: navigation and surveying by right-angled triangles. Triangulation allowed navigators to set accurate courses and produced accurate land surveys. Seamen learned to correct their compasses for declination and had determined the existence of annual compass variation. Latitude determination was greatly improved with the John Davis quadrant. The measurement of distance sailed at sea was improved by another English invention, the common log. Longitudinal distance between Europe and Québec was determined by solar and lunar eclipses by the Jesuit Bressani in the 1640s and by Jean Deshayes in 1686. With accurate surveys in Europe, the grid of the modern map began to take shape.
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