A mapp of ye improved part of Pensilvania in America, divided into countyes, townships, and lotts /
Summary
Shows rural landholders' names and lots in Philadelphia, Chester, and Bucks Counties.
First issue.
From the Rosenwald Collection, no. 1308.
Includes indexes of landholders, inset of "The City of Philadelphia, two miles in length and one in breadth," and coat of arms.
Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image.
Vault
Ancient Maps from the Library of Congress. 13th -18th Century Maps.
In the 17th century, maps took a huge leap forward. Mathematical and astronomical knowledge necessary to make accurate measurements had evolved. English mathematicians had perfected triangulation: navigation and surveying by right-angled triangles. Triangulation allowed navigators to set accurate courses and produced accurate land surveys. Seamen learned to correct their compasses for declination and had determined the existence of annual compass variation. Latitude determination was greatly improved with the John Davis quadrant. The measurement of distance sailed at sea was improved by another English invention, the common log. Longitudinal distance between Europe and Québec was determined by solar and lunar eclipses by the Jesuit Bressani in the 1640s and by Jean Deshayes in 1686. With accurate surveys in Europe, the grid of the modern map began to take shape.
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