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Some of the boys working at the Tidewater Knitting Mills, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times during working hours and saw a number of youngsters surely under fourteen. Some of them, especially the girls, refused to be in the Photos. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia.

Some of the boys working at the Tidewater Knitting Mills, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times during working hours and saw a number of youngsters surely under fourteen. Some of them, especially the girls, refused to be in the photos. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia.

Group at Tidewater Knitting Mills, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times during working hours and saw a number of youngsters surely under fourteen. Some of them, especially the girls refused to be in the photos. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia.

Group at Tidewater Knitting Mills, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times during working hours and saw a number of youngsters surely under fourteen. Some of them, especially the girls refused to be in the photos. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia

As the whistle blew at the Tidewater Knitting Mill, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times while they were working and saw a number of boys and girls working and saw a number of boys and girls surely under fourteen. See photos and labels following. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia

As the whistle blew at the Tidewater Knitting Mill, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times while they were working and saw a number of boys and girls working and saw a number of boys and girls surely under fourteen. See photos and labels following. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia.

As the whistle blew at the Tidewater Knitting Mill, Portsmouth Virginia I went through the mill several times while they were working and saw a number of boys and girls that were surely under 14. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia.

As the whistle blew at the Tidewater Knitting Mill, Portsmouth Virginia I went through the mill several times while they were working and saw a number of boys and girls that were surely under 14. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia

These were all of the small boys I found working at the Suffolk (Virginia) Knitting Mills, the day I was there. One of the smallest boys had been working there for two years. Not many under fourteen. Location: Suffolk, Virginia

Some of the boys working at the Tidewater Knitting Mills, Portsmouth, Virginia I went through the mill several times during working hours and saw a number of youngsters surely under fourteen. Some of them, especially the girls, refused to be in the Photos. Location: Portsmouth, Virginia

description

Summary

Title from NCLC caption card.

Attribution to Hine based on provenance.

In album: Mills.

Hine no. 2237.

Credit line: National Child Labor Committee collection, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division.

General information about the National Child Labor Committee collection is available at: loc.gov

Forms part of: National Child Labor Committee collection.

Hine grew up in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. As a young man he had to care for himself, and working at a furniture factory gave him first-hand knowledge of industrial workers' harsh reality. Eight years later he matriculated at the University of Chicago and met Professor Frank A. Manny, whom he followed to New York to teach at the Ethical Culture School and continue his studies at New York University. As a faculty member at the Ethical Culture School Hine was introduced to photography. From 1904 until his death he documented a series of sites and conditions in the USA and Europe. In 1906 he became a photographer and field worker for the National Child Labor Committee (NCLC). Undercover, disguised among other things as a Bible salesman or photographer for post-cards or industry, Hine went into American factories. His research methodology was based on photographic documentation and interviews. Together with the NCLC he worked to place the working conditions of two million American children onto the political agenda. The NCLC later said that Hine's photographs were decisive in the 1938 passage of federal law governing child labor in the United States. In 1918 Hine left the NCLC for the Red Cross and their work in Europe. After a short period as an employee, he returned to the United States and began as an independent photographer. One of Hine's last major projects was the series Men at Work, published as a book in 1932. It is a homage to the worker that built the country, and it documents such things as the construction of the Empire State Building. In 1940 Hine died abruptly after several years of poor income and few commissions. Even though interest in his work was increasing, it was not until after his death that Hine was raised to the stature of one of the great photographers in the history of the medium.

According to the 1900 US Census, a total of 1,752,187 (about 1 in every 6) children between the ages of five and ten were engaged in "gainful occupations" in the United States. The National Child Labor Committee, or NCLC, was a private, non-profit organization that served as a leading proponent for the national child labor reform movement. It headquartered on Broadway in Manhattan, New York. In 1908 the National Child Labor Committee hired Lewis Hine, a teacher and professional photographer trained in sociology, who advocated photography as an educational medium, to document child labor in the American industry. Over the next ten years, Hine would publish thousands of photographs designed to pull at the nation's heartstrings. The NCLC is a rare example of an organization that succeeded in its mission and was no longer needed. After more than a century of fighting child labor, it shut down in 2017.

label_outline

Tags

boys adults textile mill workers virginia portsmouth photographic prints lot 7479 national child labor committee collection lewis wickes hine photo mills ultra high resolution high resolution lewis w hine united states history library of congress child labor
date_range

Date

01/01/1911
collections

in collections

Lewis W. Hine

Lewis Hine, Library of Congress Collection

Child Labor

National Child Labor Committee collection
place

Location

portsmouth
create

Source

Library of Congress
link

Link

https://www.loc.gov/
copyright

Copyright info

No known restrictions on publication. For information see: "National Child Labor Committee (Lewis Hine photographs)," https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/res.097.hine

label_outline Explore Adults, Lot 7479, Textile Mill Workers

Adrian Lornager, 8 Bowditch St. (Apparently 13.) Has been sweeper in Grinnell Mill Nearly a year. Location: New Bedford, Massachusetts.

Every one of these was working in the cotton mill at North Pormal [i.e., Pownal], Vt. and they were running a small force. Rosie Lapiare, 15 years; Jane Sylvester, 15 years; Runie[?] Cird, 12 years; R. Sylvester, 12 years; E. [H.?] Willett, 13 years; Nat. Sylvester, 13 years; John King, 14 years; Z. Lapear, 13 years. Standing on step. Clarence Noel 11 years old, David Noel 14 years old. Location: No[rth] Pownal, Vermont / Photo by Lewis W. Hine.

Payne Cotton Mill, Macon, Ga. See photo and label 538. Girl with dropping eyes and hands on hips has been helping one year. Jan. 20, 1909. Location: Macon, Georgia.

Two of the workers in Merrimack Mills. See Hine report. Location: Huntsville, Alabama.

Jamie Sherley, (girl) Wylie Mills, Chester, S.C. Been in mill 6 years. Ambro Sherley--11 years old. Been in mill over 1 year. Location: Chester, South Carolina.

Cherryville Mfg. Co., Cherryville, N.C. One of the smallest boys. Doffer. Location: Cherryville, North Carolina.

Decorations all ready to go for the tree lighting ceremony

Young girls working in American Woolen Mills, Winooski, Vt. Most are illiterate. Work slack and force small. (See also N.C.L.C. Photos #720-745 May 1909.) Location: Winooski, Vermont.

In this group are some of the youngest workers in Spinning Room of Cornell Mill. The smallest is Jo Benevidos, 5 Merion St. Other small ones are: John Sousa, 84 Boutwell St., Anthony Valentin, 203 Pitman St. Manuel Perry, 124 Everett St. John Travaresm [or Taveresm?], 90 Cash St. The difficulty they had in writing their names was pathetic. When I asked the second hand in charge of the room to let the boys go outside a moment and let me get a snap-shot he objected, saying they would stay out and not be in shape to work. When they carry dinners, they breathe the close air of the spinning room from 7 A.M. to 5:30 P.M. with no let-up. Cornell Mill. Location: Fall River, Massachusetts.

5:30 A.M. Boys going to work Hill Mfg. Co., Lewiston, Me. I saw them at work inside. Location: Lewiston, Maine.

Girl - Baner? Carswell. Been in mill 4 years. 12 years old. Runs 6 sides = 60 cents a day. Soon will run 8 = 80 cents a day. Father said "the wife of neighbor made $7.40 last week, $1.40 more than her husband. Women and girls makes more than the men." Child 8 yrs. old helps sister. Location: Gastonia, North Carolina

Salvin Nocito, 5 years old, carries 2 pecks of cranberries for long distance to the "bushel-man." Whites Bog, Browns Mills, N.J. Sept. 28, 1910. Witness E.F. Brown. Location: Browns Mills, New Jersey Photo by Lewis W. Hine

Topics

boys adults textile mill workers virginia portsmouth photographic prints lot 7479 national child labor committee collection lewis wickes hine photo mills ultra high resolution high resolution lewis w hine united states history library of congress child labor